20/05/2023
ááŻáá˛ááᯠááááŹáááŻáˇá ááŻáááşáááŻáááşá
áŹá¸ááąáŤáşááąáŤáşááźááŤáááşá ááŻáá˛áááş ááŻááşááąáŹááş áááŻáˇáááŻááş áááşáááşáááŻááťááŻá¸á
áááşáĄáá˝ááşá¸áá˝ááş ááźá
áşááąáŤáşááąáŹ ááťáąáŹááşááťááşááááŹáá
áşááťááŻá¸ááźá
áşáááşá áááŹáááŻáᲠáááŻáˇáááŻááş áá˝áąá¸ááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ááᯠáááşáááşááąááśáážááˇáş ááŻááşá¸áá˝ááşá¸ ááąááťááŻáĄááŻááş ááťáŹá¸ááž ááážáááźááźáŽá¸ ááŻáá˛ááŹá¸ááŤááąáŹááŻáᲠ(nacreous pearl) ááŻáááşáážááşááźááŤáááşá ááąááśáááŻááťááŻá¸á
áááşááťáŹá¸ááž ááážáááąáŹ ááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸áážáŹ ááŻáá˛ááŹá¸áááŤáážááᲠááŻáśá¸ááťáąáŹááşááźá° (calcium carbonate) áĄááŻáśá¸ááťáŹá¸áá˝ááş áá°á¸ááźáŹá¸ááąáŹ ááŽá¸ááąáŹááşááŽá¸ááťážáśááŻáśá
áśáá˛áˇáááŻáˇ ááťááşáážáŹáá˝ááşááźááşááťáŹá¸ áá˝áąáˇáážááááźáŽá¸ áááşá¸ááŻáá˛ááťááŻá¸ááťáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸ (non-nacreous pearl) áᯠááąáŤáşááąáŤáşááźááŤáááşá áááŹáááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ ááźá
áşááąáŤáşááŹááŻáśáážáŹ áááşáááş ááąáĄáąáŹááşáá˝ááş ááťááşá
áŹá¸ááąáááŻááşááźááąáŹ ááŻááşááąáŹááşááťáŹá¸áááş áááşáááşááąá
áŽá¸ááźáąáŹááşá¸ááž ááťáąáŹááŤááŹááąáŹ ááąá¸áááşáááˇáş ááźááşáááž áĄááŹááášááŻááťáŹá¸á áá˛ááźááşá¸ááťáŹá¸á áááŹáá˝áśááĄáááŻááşá¸áĄá
ááťáŹá¸á ááŻááşááąáŹááşááťáŹá¸áá˛áˇ ááášááŹáááŻááşáá˝ááşá¸áááşááąáŹááşááŹáááˇáşáĄá፠ááŻááşááąáŹááşááž ááźááşáááşá
á˝ááˇáşááŻááşááźááşá¸áááźáŻááŻááşáááŻááşáᲠááŻááşááąáŹááşááĄáá˝ááşá¸áá˝ááş ááąááŹáá°áááşáážáááąáááşááźáááşá áááŻáĄááŤááťááŻá¸áá˝ááş ááŻááşááąáŹááş áĄááąááźááˇáş ááŹá¸ááśáážáŻ (irritant) áááŻááźá
áşááąáŤáşá
áąááźáŽá¸ ááášááŹáááŻááşáá˝ááşá¸ááž áĄááşáááŻááşá¸ (enzyme)áážááˇáş ááąáá˛áážáááąáŹ calcium ááťáŹá¸á
áŻááąáŤááşá¸ááźáŽá¸ áááŻáááşááąáŹááşááąááąáŹ áĄááŹááášááŻááąáŤáşáááŻáˇ ááŻáá˛áááşá
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áşááąáŤáşááá˛áˇáááŻáˇ ááŻáá˛áááşá
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áşááŽáááŻáááŻááž áá˝áąá¸ááŻáá˛ááᯠáĄáąáŹááşááźááşá
á˝áŹááŻááşááŻááşáááŻááşáá˛áˇáááşá ááźááşááŹáááŻááşááśááąáŹááşáááŻááşá¸ ááźáááşááťá˝ááşá¸á
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áááŻáážá
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áşáá˝ááş áá˝áąá¸ááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ áĄáąáŹááşááźááşá
á˝áŹ ááŻááşááŻááşáááŻááşáá˛áˇááŤáááşá ááźáááşááťá˝ááşá¸á
áŻááąááážáá˝ááşáážáááąáŹ ááŻáśáá˛áˇáááŹáááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ááᯠáá°á¸ááźáŹá¸ááąáŹ áááşáááşááááŹáĄááźá
áş áááşááŽá¸ááŻáśááąáŹáşáᏠáááşáááşááŻáśá¸á
á˝á˛ááź ááŤáááşá ááąáŹáşááźááŤááŻáśáážáŹ ááźáááşááťá˝ááşá¸á
áŻááąááážáá˝ááşáážáááąáŹ ááŻáśáá˛áˇáááŹáááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ááᯠáážáąá¸ááźááşááŹáĄááťááŻá¸áááŽá¸ááťáŹá¸á áááŻá¸ááŹáááşááŻáśá¸áĄááťáŽááťáŹá¸áá˝ááş áááşáááşáááşáĄáá˝ááş ááźááşááŽá¸ááŻáśá
áś áááşáááŻá¸ááŹá¸ ááźáŻááŻááşááŹá¸ááźááşá¸ááźá
áşáááşá ááŻáá˛ááťáŹá¸ááá˝á˛áˇá
ááşá¸ááŻáśáááş áááşááşá
áŽáááşááŹáá˝ááşááááş (ááŻáśá¸ááťáąáŹááş) ááźááşá
ááşááźá
áşááąáŹááźáąáŹááˇáş áĄááşáá
áşááźááˇáş ááŹááşááźáŻáá˝ááşáááşá áááŻáˇááźááş áá°áááŻáˇá ááťá˝áąá¸ááťáŹá¸á cosmetic ááťáŹá¸á ááąáá˝ážáąá¸ááťáŹá¸áážááˇáşáááŻááşáááŻááşáááá˝áąáˇááŤá ááŹááşááźáŻáá˝ááşááźáŽá¸ áĄááąáŤáşááśááŻáá˛ááŹá¸áĄáá˝ážáŹááťáŹá¸ááťááşá
áŽá¸áááŻááşáááşá áááŻáˇááźáąáŹááˇáş ááŻáá˛ááááŹááťáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸ áááşáááşááźáŽá¸ááŤá ááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąá¸ááźááˇáş ááąá¸ááźáąáŹáááˇáşá
ááşáážáŻááťáŹá¸ ááźáŻááŻááşáááąáŹáşáááşá¸ááąáŹááşá¸á áĄáąá¸ááźááŤá¸áá˝ážáŹááąáŹ áĄáááşá
á áá˝ááşá¸á
ááťáŹá¸ááźááˇáş ááąáááşááąáá˝ááşááąáŹááşá¸áá˝ááşáĄáąáŹááş ááŻááşáááŻá¸ ááááşá¸áááşá¸ááźáŽá¸ áááşá¸ááĄáážáĄááážááˇáşâ ááąááŹááşááᯠááźááşáááşááááşá¸ááááşá¸ááŹá¸áááˇáşááŤáááşá
ááŹááŻáá˝á˛áˇá
ááşá¸ááŻáś - áááşááşááŽáááşááŹáá˝ááşááááş
ááŻáśááąáŹááşá
áá
áş - áá˝ááşá¸áááşá
áá
áş
ááŹáááşáˇ -á.á
ááž á.á
áĄáááşá¸áááŻááşáá˝ážááşááááşá¸ -á.á
ááážá.áá
ááąááťáááşááááşáááşá¸á -á.áá áážá.áá
áááşáážáŹá¸áááşáˇááášáááŹáááş -ááŻáá˛ááąáŹááşáááşááźááşá¸áááááşá¸áá˝ááşááąáŹááşááźááşááŽá¸áĄáąáŹááşáá˝ááşááŽá¸á
áŻááşá¸ááąáŹááşááźááşá¸á
Pearl is called a queen of jewels. Pearl is a gemstone that occurs inside a species of oyster or mollusk. Natural pearls or cultured pearls are found in saltwater and freshwater are generally termed as nacreous pearls and non-nacreous pearls. Pearls obtained from saltwater snails are a type of non-nacreous pearls, and completely composed of calcium carbonate in a rounded shape with remarkable flame structures. The formation of pearls is because of foreign agents, rough sand particles and fragments of broken shells projecting inside the body of oysters which are habituating under ocean currents and then they cannot reject those irrelevant substances. At this time, oysters are becoming irritants and secrete pearl fluids by combining enzymes and calcium from water forming and pearls on that foreign substance layer by layer. Therefore, pearls are formed under reliable circumstances and the period of pearl fluid secretions is also varied so that to form some pearls with significantly thick nacre layers. Natural pearls are extremely rare and valuable than those of cultured pearls. Mostly, natural pearls are found as baroque and when it comes naturally round and possesses qualified luster it can be high-end. By the inspiration of natural pearl formation processes from oysters mentioned above, people invented and found a man-made pearl farming process and in 1848, Miki Moto who is a Japanese can successfully produce cultured pearls. The Myeik Islands in southern Myanmar are famous for producing the most beautiful and unique baroque natural pearls in the World. Similarly, in the Myeik Islands, pearl farming began in 1954 and successfully produced cultural pearls in 1957. Natural baroque pearls from the Myeik Islands are designed and worn as unique jewelry. The picture below shows the baroque natural pearls from the Myeik Islands designed into buttons to be worn in traditional Burmese womenâs costumes. The composition of pearls is calcium carbonate (limestone) material, so it can react with acid very easily. In addition, human sweat, cosmetics, and direct contact with perfumes can also easily react and damage the surface layers of pearls. Therefore, after wearing the pearl jewelry, wash it with warm water, and pack it with cool and filmed clothes, it should be stored in a well-ventilated box with soft cotton to retain its beauty and moisture.
Chemical composition - CaCO3
Crystal System - Orthorhombic
Hardness - 2.5 to 4.5
Refractive Index - 1.52 to 1.66
Specific gravity - 2.60 to 2.85
Distinguishing feature - pearly luster, glow under UV light.
Mi Wai (SGI Gem Lab & Research Center)
